第一章 总 则
第一条为维护中华人民共和国的主权、安全和社会秩序,有利于发展国际交往,特制定本法。
外国人入、出、通过中华人民共和国国境和在中国居留、旅行,适用本法。
第二条外国人入境、过境和在中国境内居留,必须经中国政府主管机关许可。
第三条外国人入境、出境、过境,必须从对外国人开放的或者指定的口岸通行,接受边防检查机关的检查。
外国的交通工具入境、出境、过境,必须从对外国人开放的或者指定的口岸通行,接受边防检查机关的检查和监护。
第四条中国政府保护在中国境内的外国人的合法权利和利益。
外国人的人身自由不受侵犯,非经人民检察院批准或者决定或者人民法院决定,并由公安机关或者国家安全机关执行,不受逮捕。
第五条外国人在中国境内,必须遵守中国法律,不得危害中国国家安全、损害社会公共利益、破坏社会公共秩序。
第二章入境
第六条外国人入境,应当向中国的外交代表机关、领事机关或者外交部授权的其他驻外机关申请办理签证。在特定情况下,依照国务院规定,外国人也可以向中国政府主管机关指定口岸的签证机关申请办理签证。
同中国政府订有签证协议的国家的人员入境,按照协议执行。
外国对中国公民入境、过境有专门规定的,中国政府主管机关可以根据情况采取相应措施。
持联程客票搭乘国际航班直接过境,在中国停留不超过二十四小时不出机场的外国人,免办签证。要求临时离开机场的,需经边防检查机关批准。
第七条外国人申请各项签证,应当提供有效护照,必要时提供有关证明。
第八条应聘或者受雇来中国工作的外国人,申请签证时,应当持有应聘或者受雇证明。
第九条来中国定居的外国人,申请签证时,应当持有定居身份确认表。定居身份确认表,由申请人向申请定居地的公安机关申请领取。
第十条中国政府主管机关根据外国人申请入境的事由,发给相应的签证。
第十一条从事国际航行的航空器或者船舶抵达中国口岸时,机长、船长或者代理人必须向边防检查机关提交旅客名单;外国的飞机、船舶还必须提供机组、船员名单。
第十二条被认为入境后可能危害中国的国家安全、社会秩序的外国人,不准入境。
第三章居留
第十三条外国人在中国居留,必须持有中国政府主管机关签发的身份证件或者居留证件。
身份证件或者居留证件的有效期限,根据入境的事由确定。
在中国居留的外国人,应当在规定的时间内到当地公安机关缴验证件。
第十四条依照中国法律在中国投资或者同中国的企业、事业单位进行经济、科学技术、文化合作以及其他需要在中国长期居留的外国人,经中国政府主管机关批准,可以获得长期居留或者永久居留资格。
第十五条对因为政治原因要求避难的外国人,经中国政府主管机关批准,准许在中国居留。
第十六条对不遵守中国法律的外国人,中国政府主管机关可以缩短其在中国停留的期限或者取消其在中国居留的资格。
第十七条外国人在中国境内临时住宿,应当依照规定,办理住宿登记。
第十八条持居留证件的外国人在中国变更居留地点,必须依照规定办理迁移手续。
第十九条未取得居留证件的外国人和来中国留学的外国人,未经中国政府主管机关允许,不得在中国就业。
第四章旅行
第二十条外国人持有效的签证或者居留证件,可以前往中国政府规定的对外国人开放的地区旅行。
第二十一条外国人前往不对外国人开放的地区旅行,必须向当地公安机关申请旅行证件。
第五章出境
第二十二条外国人出境,凭本人有效护照或者其他有效证件。
第二十三条有下列情形之一的外国人,不准出境:
(一)刑事案件的被告人和公安机关或者人民检察院或者人民法院认定的犯罪嫌疑人;
(二)人民法院通知有未了结民事案件不能离境的;
(三)有其他违反中国法律的行为尚未处理,经有关主管机关认定需要追究的。
第二十四条有下列情形之一的外国人,边防检查机关有权阻止出境,并依法处理:
(一)持用无效出境证件的;
(二)持用他人出境证件的;
(三)持用伪造或者涂改的出境证件的。
第六章管理机关
第二十五条中国政府在国外受理外国人入境、过境申请的机关,是中国的外交代表机关、领事机关和外交部授权的其他驻外机关。
中国政府在国内受理外国人入境、过境、居留、旅行申请的机关,是公安部、公安部授权的地方公安机关和外交部、外交部授权的地方外事部门。
第二十六条受理外国人入境、过境、居留、旅行申请的机关有权拒发签证、证件;对已经发出的签证、证件,有权吊销或者宣布作废。
公安部和外交部在必要时,可以改变各自授权的机关所作出的决定。
第二十七条对非法入境、非法居留的外国人,县级以上公安机关可以拘留审查、监视居住或者遣送出境。
第二十八条县级以上公安机关外事民警在执行任务时,有权查验外国人的护照和其他证件。外事民警查验时,应当出示自己的工作证件,有关组织或者个人有协助的责任。
第七章处罚
第二十九条对违反本法规定,非法入境、出境的,在中国境内非法居留或者停留的,未持有效旅行证件前往不对外国人开放的地区旅行的,伪造、涂改、冒用、转让入境、出境证件的,县级以上公安机关可以处以警告、罚款或者十日以下拘留处罚;情节严重,构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
受公安机关罚款或者拘留处罚的外国人,对处罚不服的,在接到通知之日起十五日内,可以向上一级公安机关提出申诉,由上一级公安机关作出最后的裁决,也可以直接向当地人民法院提起诉讼。
第三十条有本法第二十九条所列行为情节严重的,公安部可以处以限期出境或者驱逐出境处罚。
第八章附则
第三十一条本法所称的外国人是指依照《中华人民共和国国籍法》不具有中国国籍的人。
第三十二条同中国毗邻国家的外国人,居住在两国边境接壤地区的,临时入中国国境、出中国国境,有两国之间协议的按照协议执行,没有协议的按照中国政府的规定执行。
第三十三条公安部和外交部根据本法制定实施细则,报国务院批准施行。
第三十四条外国驻中华人民共和国外交代表机关、领事机关成员以及享有特权和豁免的其他外国人入境后的管理,按国务院及其主管机关的有关规定办理。
第三十五条本法自1986年2月1日起施行。
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CONTROL OF THE ENTRY ANDEXIT OF ALIENS
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON CONTROL OF THE ENTRY AND
EXIT OF ALIENS
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Entry into the Country
Chapter III Residence
Chapter IV Travel
Chapter V Exit from the Country
Chapter VI Administrative Organs
Chapter VII Penalties
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated with a view to safeguarding the sovereignty of the People's Republic of China, maintaining its security and public order and facilitating international exchange. This Law is applicable to aliens entering, leaving and transiting the territory of the People's Republic of China and to those residing and travelling in China.
Article 2
Aliens must obtain the permission of the competent authorities of the Chinese Government in order to enter, transit or reside in China.
Article 3
For entry, exit and transit, aliens must pass through ports open to aliens or other designated ports and must be subject to inspection by the frontier inspection offices. For entry, exit and transit, foreign-owned means of transport must pass through ports open to aliens or other designated ports and must be subject to inspection and supervision by the frontier inspection offices.
Article 4
The Chinese Government shall protect the lawful rights and interests of aliens on Chinese territory. Freedom of the person of aliens is inviolable. No alien may be arrested except with the approval or by decision of a people's procuratorate or by decision of a people's court, and arrest must be made by a public security organ or state security organ.
Article 5
Aliens in China must abide by Chinese laws and may not endanger the state security of China, harm public interests or disrupt public order.
Chapter II Entry into the Country
Article 6
For entry into China, aliens shall apply for visas from Chinese diplomatic missions, consular offices or other resident agencies abroad authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In specific situations aliens may, in compliance with the provisions of the State Council, apply for visas to visa-granting offices at ports designated by the competent authorities of the Chinese Government. The entry of nationals from countries having visa agreements with the Chinese Government shall be handled in accordance with those agreements. In cases where another country has special provisions for Chinese citizens entering and transiting that country, the competent authorities of the Chinese Government may adopt reciprocal measures contingent on the circumstances. Visas are not required for aliens in immediate transit on connected international flights who hold passenger tickets and stay for no more than 24 hours in China entirely within airport boundaries. Anyone desiring to leave the airport temporarily must obtain permission from the frontier inspection office.
Article 7
When applying for various kinds of visas, aliens shall present valid passports and, if necessary, provide pertinent evidence.
Article 8
Aliens who have been invited or hired to work in China shall, when applying for visas, produce evidence of the invitation or employment.
Article 9
Aliens desiring to reside permanently in China shall, when applying for visas, present status-of-residence identification forms. Applicants may obtain such forms from public security organs at the place where they intend to reside.
Article 10
The competent authorities of the Chinese Government shall issue appropriate visas to aliens according to the purposes stated in their entry applications.
Article 11
When an aircraft or a vessel navigating international routes arrives at a Chinese port, the captain or his agent must submit a passenger name list to the frontier inspection office; a foreign aircraft or vessel must also provide a name list of its crew members.
Article 12
Aliens who are considered a possible threat to China's state security and public order shall not be permitted to enter China.
Chapter III Residence
Article 13
For residence in China, aliens must possess identification papers or residence certificates issued by the competent authorizes of the Chinese Government. The term of validity of identification papers or residence certificates shall be determined according to the purposes of entry. Aliens residing in China shall submit their certificates to the local public security organs for examination within the prescribed period of time.
Article 14
Aliens who, in compliance with Chinese laws, find it necessary to establish prolonged residence in China for the purpose of investing in China or engaging in cooperative projects with Chinese enterprises or institutions in the economic, scientific, technological and cultural fields, or for other purposes, are eligible for prolonged or permanent residence in China upon approval by the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 15
Aliens who seek asylum for political reasons shall be permitted to reside in China upon approval by the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 16
Aliens who fail to abide by Chinese laws may have their period of stay in China curtailed or their status of residence in China annulled by the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Article 17
For a temporary overnight stay in China, aliens shall complete registration procedures pursuant to the relevant provisions.
Article 18
Aliens holding residence certificates who wish to change their place of residence in China must complete removal formalities pursuant to the relevant provisions.
Article 19
Aliens who have not acquired residence certificates or who are on a study programme in China may not seek employment in China without permission of the competent authorities of the Chinese Government.
Chapter IV Travel
Article 20
Aliens who hold valid visas or residence certificates may travel to places open to aliens as designated by the Chinese Government.
Article 21
Aliens desiring to travel to places closed to aliens must apply to local public security organs for travel permits.
Chapter V Exit from the Country
Article 22 For exit from China, aliens shall present their valid passports or other valid certificates.
Article 23
Aliens belonging to any of the following categories shall not be allowed
to leave China:
(1) defendants in criminal cases or criminal suspects confirmed by a public security organ, a people's procuratorate or a people's court;
(2) persons who, as notified by a people's court, shall be denied exit owing to involvement in unresolved civil cases; and
(3) persons who have committed other acts in violation of Chinese law who have not been dealt with and against whom the competent authorities consider it necessary to institute prosecution. Article 24 Frontier inspection offices shall have the power to stop aliens belonging to any of the following categories from leaving the country and to deal with them according to law:
(1) holders of invalid exit certificates;
(2) holders of exit certificates other than their own; and
(3) holders of forged or altered exit certificates.
Chapter VI Administrative Organs
Article 25
China's diplomatic missions, consular offices and other resident agencies abroad authorized by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall be the Chinese Government's agencies abroad to handle aliens' applications for entry and transit.The Ministry of Public Security, its authorized local public security organs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and its authorized local foreign affairs departments shall be the Chinese Government's agencies in China to handle aliens' applications for entry, transit, residence and travel.
Article 26
The authorities handling aliens' applications for entry, transit, residence and travel shall have the power to refuse to issue visas and certificates or to cancel visas and certificates already issued or declare them invalid. The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs may, when necessary, alter decisions made by their respectively authorized agencies.
Article 27
An alien who enters or resides in China illegally may be detained for examination or be subjected to residential surveillance or deportation by a public security organ at or above the county level.
Article 28
While performing their duties, foreign affairs police of the public security organs at or above the county level shall have the power to examine the passports and other certificates of aliens. When conducting such examinations, the foreign affairs police shall produce their own service certificates, and relevant organizations or individuals shall have the duty to offer them assistance.
Chapter VII Penalties
Article 29
If a person, in violation of the provisions of this Law, enters or leaves China illegally, establishes illegal residence or makes an illegal stopover in China, travels to places closed to aliens without a valid travel document, forges or alters an entry or exit certificate, uses another person's certificate as his own or transfers his certificate, he may be penalized by a public security organ at or above the county level with a warning, a fine or detention for not more than ten days. If the circumstances of the case are serious enough to constitute a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law. If an alien subject to a fine or detention by a public security organ refuses to accept the penalty, he may, within 15 days of receiving notification, appeal to the public security organ at the next higher level, which shall make the final decision; he may also directly file suit in the local people's court.
Article 30
In cases where a person commits any of the acts stated in Article 29 of
this Law, if the circumstances are serious, the Ministry of Public
Security may impose a penalty by ordering him to leave the country within
a certain time or may expel him from the country.
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 31
For the purposes of this Law the term "alien" means any person not holding
Chinese nationality according to the Nationality Law of the People's
Republic of China.
Article 32
Transistory entry into and exit from China by aliens who are nationals of
a country adjacent to China and who reside in areas bordering on China
shall be handled according to any relevant agreements between the two
countries or, in the absence of such agreements, according to the relevant
provisions of the Chinese Government.
Article 33
The Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall,
pursuant to this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall
go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 34
Affairs concerning members of foreign diplomatic missions and consular
offices in the People's Republic of China and other aliens who enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities, after their entry into China, shall be administered in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State Council and its competent departments.
Article 35
This Law shall go into effect on February 1, 1986.
中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法实施细则
(1986年12月3日国务院批准 1986年12月27日公安部、外交部发布 1994年7月13日国务院批准修订 1994年7月15日公安部、外交部发布)
根据《中华人民共和国外国人入境出境管理法》(以下简称《外国人入境出境管理法》)第三十三条的规定,制定本实施细则。
第一章 入 境
第一条 外国人入境,应当向中国的外交代表机关、领事机关或者外交部授权的其他驻外机关申请办理签证。外国人持有中国国内被授权单位的函电,并持有与中国有外交关系或者官方贸易往来国家的普通护照,因下列事由确需紧急来华而来不及在上述中国驻外机关申办签证的,也可以向公安部授权的口岸签证机关申请办理签证:
(一)中方临时决定邀请来华参加交易会的;
(二)应邀来华参加投标或者正式签订经贸合同的;
(三)按约来华监装出口、进口商检或者参加合同验收的;
(四)应邀参加设备安装或者工程抢修的;
(五)应中方要求来华解决索赔问题的;
(六)应邀来华提供科技咨询的;
(七)应邀来华团组办妥签证后,经中方同意临时增换的;
(八)看望危急病人或者处理丧事的;
(九)直接过境人员由于不可抗拒的原因不能在24小时内乘原机离境或者需改乘其他交通工具离境的;
(十)其他被邀请确实来不及在上述中国驻外机关申请签证,并持有指定的主管部门同意在口岸申办签证的函电的。
不属上述情况者,口岸签证机关不得受理其签证申请。
第二条 公安部授权的口岸签证机关设立在下列口岸:北京、上海、天津、大连、福州、厦门、西安、桂林、杭州、昆明、广州(白云机场)、深圳(罗湖、蛇口)、珠海(拱北)。
第三条 根据外国人来中国的身份和所持护照的种类,分别发给外交签证、礼遇签证、公务签证、普通签证。
第四条 签发普通签证时,根据外国人申请来中国的事由,在签证上标明相应的汉语拼音字母:
(一)D字签证发给来中国定居的人员;
(二)Z字签证发给来中国任职或者就业的人员及其随行家属;(三)X字签证发给来中国留学、进修、实习6个月以上的人员;
(四)F字签证发给应邀来中国访问、考察、讲学、经商、进行科技文化交流及短期进修、实习等活动不超过6个月的人员;
(五)L字签证发给来中国旅游、探亲或者因其他私人事务入境的人员,其中9人以上组团来中国旅游的,可以发给团体签证;
(六)G字签证发给经中国过境的人员;
(七)C字签证发给执行乘务、航空、航运任务的国际列车乘务员、国际航空器机组人员及国际航行船舶的海员及其随行家属;
(八)J-1字签证发给来中国常驻的外国记者,J-2字签证发给临时来中国采访的外国记者。
第五条 外国人申请签证须回答被询问的有关情况并履行下列手续:
(一)提供有效护照或者能够代替护照的证件;
(二)填写签证申请表,交近期2寸半身正面免冠照片;
(三)交验与申请入境、过境事由有关的证明。
第六条 本实施细则第五条(三)项所说的有关证明是指:
(一)申请D字签证,须持有定居身份确认表。定居身份确认表由申请人或者委托
其在中国的亲属向申请定居地的市、县公安局出入境管理部门申请领取;
(二)申请Z字签证,须有中国聘雇单位的聘请或者雇用证明,或者被授权单位的函电;
(三)申请X字签证,须有接受单位或者主管部门的证明;
(四)申请F字签证,须有被授权单位的函电;
(五)申请L字签证,来华旅游的,须有中国旅游部门的接待证明,必要时须提供离开中国后前往国家(地区)的飞机票、车票或者船票;
(六)申请G字签证,须持有前往国家(地区)的有效签证。如果申请人免办前往国家(地区)的签证,须持有联程客票;
(七)申请C字签证,按协议提供有关的证明;
(八)申请J-1、J-2字签证,须有主管部门的证明。
外国人来中国定居或者居留1年以上的,在申请入境签证时,还须交验所在国政府指定的卫生医疗部门签发的,或者卫生医疗部门签发的并经过公证机关公证的健康证明书。健康证明书自签发之日起6个月有效。
第七条 下列外国人不准入境:
(一)被中国政府驱逐出境,未满不准入境年限的;
(二)被认为入境后可能进行恐怖、暴力、颠覆活动的;
(三)被认为入境后可能进行走私、贩毒、卖淫活动的;
(四)患有精神病和麻疯病、艾滋病、性病、开放性肺结核病等传染病的;
(五)不能保障其在中国期间所需费用的;
(六)被认为入境后可能进行危害我国国家安全和利益的其他活动的。
第八条 外国人持有联程客票并已定妥联程座位搭乘国际航班从中国直接过境,在过境城市停留不超过24小时,不出机场的,免办过境签证;要求离开机场的,须向边防检查站申请办理停留许可手续。
第九条 国际航行船舶在中国港口停泊期间,外国船员及其随行家属要求登陆,不出港口城市的,向边防检查站申请登陆证,要求在陆地住宿的,申请住宿证。有正当理由需要前往港口城市以外的地区,或者不能随原船出境的,须向当地公安局申请办理相应的签证。
第二章 入出境证件检查
第十条 外国人抵达口岸,必须向边防检查站缴验有效护照和中国的签证、证件,填写入出境卡,经边防检查站查验核准加盖验讫章后入境。
第十一条 外国航空器或者船舶抵达中国口岸时,其负责人负有下列责任:
(一)机长、船长或者代理人必须向边防检查站提交机组人员、船员名单和旅客名单;
(二)如果载有企图偷越国境的人员,发现后应立即向边防检查站报告,听候处理;
(三)对于不准入境的人员,必须负责用原交通工具带走,对由于不可抗拒的原因不能立即离境的人,必须负责其在中国停留期间的费用和离开时的旅费。
第十二条对下列外国人,边防检查站有权阻止入境或者出境:
(一)未持有效护照、证件或者签证的;
(二)持伪造、涂改或者他人护照、证件的;
(三)拒绝接受查验证件的;
(四)公安部或者国家安全部通知不准入境、出境的。
第十三条 外国人出境,须缴验有效护照或者其他有效证件,以及准予在中国停留的签证或者居留证件。
第十四条 被签证机关指定通行口岸的外国人和外国人的交通工具,必须从指定的口岸入、出境。
第十五条 对于本实施细则第十二条所列被阻止入境的外国人,如不能立即随原交通工具返回,边防检查站可以采取必要的措施限制其活动范围,并令其乘最近一班交通工具离境。
第三章 居 留
第十六条 持标有D、Z、X、J-1字签证的外国人,必须自入境之日起30日内到居住地市、县公安局办理外国人居留证或者外国人临时居留证。上述居留证件的有效期即为准许持证人在中国居留的期限。
外国人居留证,发给在中国居留1年以上的人员。
外国人临时居留证,发给在中国居留不满1年的人员。
持标有F、L、G、C字签证的外国人,可以在签证注明的期限内在中国停留,不需办理居留证件。
第十七条 外国人申请居留证件须回答被询问的有关情况并履行下列手续: